Coir Pith as Growth Medium for Azotobacter Vinelandii and Azospirillum Brasilense
Keywords:
Coir pith, Nitrogen fixation, Biodegradation, ammonia
Abstract
Coir pith is a lignocellulosic biomass which is recalcitrant under ordinary conditions. Nitrogen fixation is commonly carried out in the soil and these soils acts as the medium for plant growth. This paper attempts to utilize coir pith as a substrate for two important nitrogen fixing organisms viz. Azotobacter vinelandii and Azospirillum brasilense. Coir pith was used as a source of carbon and energy by the bacteria and the ammonia produced during the process of nitrogen fixation was studied, the amount of ammonia produce indicates the fixation process by the bacteria. The present work succeeded in establishing the use of these two organisms to degrade the coir pith effectively and the resultant biodegraded material could be used as organic manure for plants.
References
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Gina Holguin M, Antonia Guzman and Yoav Bashan (1992). Two new nitrogen fixing bacteria from the rhizosphere of mangrove trees: Their isolation, identification and in vitro interaction with rhizosphere Staphylococcus sp.
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Newton J.W and Cavins J.F (2003). Liberation of ammonia during nitrogen fixation by facultatively heterotrophic cyanobacterium. Elsevier B.V. 809; 44-50
Poly, F., Lionel Ranjard., Sylvie Nazaret., Francois Gourbiere & Lucile Jocteur Monrozier. (2001). Comparison of nifH gene pools in soil and soil microenvironments with contrasting properties. Applied and Environmental Microbiology., 67:2255-2262.
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Vijaya D, Padmadevi S.N, Vasandha S, Meerabhai R.S & Chellapandi P (2008) Effect of vermicomposted coir pith on the growth of Andrographis paniculata. Journal of Organic systems. 3:51-56.
Vinodhini S, Gnanambal V.S, Sasikumar J M and Padmadevi S N. (2005). Growth of two medicinal plants using biodegraded coir pith, Plant Archives, 5:277-280.
Vogel A I, A Text book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis (ELBS and Longman, UK) 1961, 943-945.
Walkey, Black C A, (1934). An examination of the Degtjreff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of chromic acid and titration method. Soil Sci, 37; 29-38.
Waterbury, J.B., C.B. Calloway and R. D. Turner. (1983). A cellulolytic nitrogen- fixing bacterium cultured from the gland of Deshayes in shipworms (Bivalvia: Teredinidae). Nature (London). 221:1401-1403.
Young, J. P. W. (1992). Phylogenetic classification of nitrogen fixing organisms. p. 43-86. In G. Stacey, R. H. Burris and H. J. Evans (ed). Biological nitrogen fixation. Chapman and Hall, New York. N.Y.
Zehr, J. P., M. T. Mellon & S. Zani. (1998). New nitrogen fixing microorganisms detected in oligotrophic oceans by amplification of nitrogenase (nifH) genes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:3444-3450.
Bashan Y & Holguin G (1997) Azospirillum- plant relationship: environmental and physiological advances. Can J Microbiol 43:103-121.
Bürgmann H, Manuel Pesaro, Franco Widmer and Josef Zeyer (2003). Strategy for optimizing quality and quantity of DNA extracted from soil. Bacteriological Reviews, vol.36, No.2 p.295-341.
Church M J, Cindy M. Short, Bethany D. Jenkins, David M. Karl, and Jonathan P. Zehr, (1999). Temporal Patterns of Nitrogenase Gene (NifH) Expression in the Oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean’ Ocean Sciences Department, Environmental Microbiology, Vol 134, No.1 p.155-193.
Cleveland, C.C et al., (1999) Global patterns of terrestrial biological nitrogen (N2) fixation in natural ecosystems. Global Biogeochem. Cycle, 13; 623-645.
Dawe, D., The potential role of biological nitrogen fixation in meeting future demand for rice and fertilizer. In The Quest for Nitrogen Fixation in rice (eds Ladha, J.K. and Reddy, P.M), International Rice Research Institute, Makati City, 2000, pp. 1-9.
Ghosh, P.K., Sarma, U.S., Das, A.R., Radhakrishnan, S, and Ghosh, P, (2007). A novel method for accelerating composting of coir pith, Energy & Fuels., 21:822-827.
Gina Holguin M, Antonia Guzman and Yoav Bashan (1992). Two new nitrogen fixing bacteria from the rhizosphere of mangrove trees: Their isolation, identification and in vitro interaction with rhizosphere Staphylococcus sp.
Hans Brintzinger (1966). Formation of Ammonia by insertion of molecular nitrogen into metal-hydride bonds. III. Consideration on the properties of enzymatic nitrogen fixing systems and proposal of a general mechanism. Biochemistry. 5; 3947-3950.
Hume, E.P (2007)., Cocopeat-A by product of coconut fibre industry. Madras Agric. J. 36-38
Janshekar, H & Fiechter, A. (1981). On the bacterial degradation of lignin. Applied microbiology and biotechnology., 14: 47-50.
Kader, M.A, Mian, M.H, Hoque, M.S (2002). Effect of Azotobacter inoculants on the yield and nitrogen uptake by wheat. Department of Soil science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensigh, Bangladesh. 2(4): 251-261.
Mishra, B. K & Dadhich, S. K (2010). Methodology of Nitrogen biofertilizer production. J. Adv. Dev. Res., 1:3-6.
Nagarajan R, Manikkam T S, Kothandarajan G V (1985) Manurial value of coir pith. Madras Agric J 72; 533-535.
Newton J.W and Cavins J.F (2003). Liberation of ammonia during nitrogen fixation by facultatively heterotrophic cyanobacterium. Elsevier B.V. 809; 44-50
Poly, F., Lionel Ranjard., Sylvie Nazaret., Francois Gourbiere & Lucile Jocteur Monrozier. (2001). Comparison of nifH gene pools in soil and soil microenvironments with contrasting properties. Applied and Environmental Microbiology., 67:2255-2262.
Prabha, D.S., Karthikeyan, K., Navanietha Krishnaraj, R.,Akila,B.M., Hemanth, S., Harikrishnan, R., Archunan,G., Malliga,P., (2009), Effect of phenolic compounds released during degradation of coir pith by Oscillatoria annae on Albino rat (Rattus norvegicus)., J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage., 13(4):87-90
Ramalingam A, Gangatharan M and Kasthuribain R. (2004) Solid waste bio-treatment of coir pith and paddy straw, Asian J Microbiol, Biotechnol Environ Sci, 6:141-142.
Reghuvaran A, Ravindranath A D, Natarajan P & Augustine A, Substitution of Urea with fungi and nitrogen fixing bacteria for composting coir pith, Madras Agric J, 96 (2009) 144-149.
Rubio, Jiang, X & Pogliano, K. (2005). Localization of complex components in Bacillus subtilis: enrichment of the signal recognition particle receptor at early sporulation septa. J Bacteriol. 187:5000-5002.
Sabra W. A, Zeng A. P, Lunsdorf H & Deckwer W. D (2000). Effect of oxygen on formation and structure of Azotobacter vinelandii: alginate and its role in protecting nitrogenase. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 66:4037-4044.
Sarita, S., Priefer, U. B., Prell, J & Sharma, P. K. (2008). Diversity of nifH gene amplified from rhizosphere soil DNA. Curr. Sci. Idia. 94:109-115.
Stewart, W.D.P (1974). Nitrogen fixation in the sea. P. 537-564. In J.D. Costlow(ed.). Fertility of the sea. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, London.
Vijaya D, Padmadevi S.N, Vasandha S, Meerabhai R.S & Chellapandi P (2008) Effect of vermicomposted coir pith on the growth of Andrographis paniculata. Journal of Organic systems. 3:51-56.
Vinodhini S, Gnanambal V.S, Sasikumar J M and Padmadevi S N. (2005). Growth of two medicinal plants using biodegraded coir pith, Plant Archives, 5:277-280.
Vogel A I, A Text book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis (ELBS and Longman, UK) 1961, 943-945.
Walkey, Black C A, (1934). An examination of the Degtjreff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of chromic acid and titration method. Soil Sci, 37; 29-38.
Waterbury, J.B., C.B. Calloway and R. D. Turner. (1983). A cellulolytic nitrogen- fixing bacterium cultured from the gland of Deshayes in shipworms (Bivalvia: Teredinidae). Nature (London). 221:1401-1403.
Young, J. P. W. (1992). Phylogenetic classification of nitrogen fixing organisms. p. 43-86. In G. Stacey, R. H. Burris and H. J. Evans (ed). Biological nitrogen fixation. Chapman and Hall, New York. N.Y.
Zehr, J. P., M. T. Mellon & S. Zani. (1998). New nitrogen fixing microorganisms detected in oligotrophic oceans by amplification of nitrogenase (nifH) genes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:3444-3450.
Published
2011-10-01
How to Cite
Abesh Reghuvaran, & Anita Das Ravindranath. (2011). Coir Pith as Growth Medium for Azotobacter Vinelandii and Azospirillum Brasilense . CORD, 27(2), 11. https://doi.org/10.37833/cord.v27i2.118
Section
Articles
