Effect of Gelling Agent and Selective Sub-culturing on Hyperhydricity in Anther-Derived Coconut Embryos
Keywords:
Anther culture, Cocos nucifera, Phytagel, histology, doubled haploid
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to compare the liquid medium with the media solidified with agar or phytagel. Selective subculturing and use of the embryo maturation medium supplemented with higher concentration of phytagel (0.5%; w/v) were also tested for reducing the vitrified embryos. Modified Eeuwens Y3 medium was used as the basal medium. By culturing the anthers on the medium solidified with phytagel (0.25%; w/v), direct embryo formation (86.7%) and embryo conversion (21.5%) were significantly increased. Plant regeneration efficiency of anther derived embryos or calluses developed in the liquid culture medium was extremely low (2.4%). Vitrification was further reduced by incorporating 0.5% (w/v) phytagel into the embryo maturation medium. Highest plant regeneration efficiency was obtained by exposing the embryos to 0.5% (w/v) phytagel for 21 days, which reduced vitrification by 42%. Furthermore, selective subculturing of the embryos was effective for reducing vitrification.
References
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Zhou, H., Konzak, C.F., 1989. Improvement of anther culture methods for haploid production in wheat. Crop Science 29: 817-821.
Chaturvedi, H.C., Sharma, A.K., 1985. Production of androgenic plants of Citrus aurantifolia. J Plant Physiology 119: 473-477.
Chen, J., Ziv, M., 2001. The effect of ancymidol on hyperhydricity, regeneration, starch and antioxidant enzymatic activities in liquid-cultured Narcissus. Plant Cell Reports 20: 22–27.
Compton, M.E., 1994. Statistical methods suitable for the analysis of plant tissue culture data. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Culture 37: 217-242.
Debergh, P.C., Aitken-Christie, J., Cohen, D., Grout, B., Von Arnold, S., Zimmerman, R., Ziv, M., 1992. Reconsideration of the term vitrification as used in micropropagation. Plant Cell, Tissue Organ Culture 30: 135-140.
Gaspar, T., Kevers, C., Franck, T., Bisbis, B., Billard, J-P., Huault, C., Le Dily, F., Petit-Paly, G., Rideau, M., Penel, C., Crèvecoeur, M., Greppin, H., 1995. Paradoxical results in the analysis of hyperhydric tissues considered as being under stress: questions for a debate. Bulgarian J. Plant Physiology 21(2–3): 80–97.
Germana, M.A., 2006. Doubled haploid production in fruit crops. Plant Cell, Tissue Organ Culture 86: 131-146.
Guo, Y., Sewon, P., Pulli, S., 1999. Improved embryogenesis from anther culture and plant regeneration in timothy. Plant Cell, Tissue Organ Culture 57: 85-93.
Ivanova, M., Van Staden, J., 2008. Effect of ammonium ions and cytokinins on hyperhydricity and multiplication rate of in vitro regenerated shoots of Aloe polyphylla. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Culture 92: 227–231.
Karunaratne, S., Kurukulaarachchi, C., Gamage, C.A., 1985 Report on the culture of embryos of dwarf coconut, Cocos nucifera L. var. nana, in vitro. COCOS 3: 1-8.
Kevers, C., Gaspar, T., 1986. Vitrification of carnation in vitro: changes in water content, extracellular space, air volume and iron levels. Physiologie Vegetale 24: 647-653.
Kurt, O., Evans, G.M., 1998. Anther culture potential of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L): effects of genotype and pretreatment on callus formation and differentiation. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 22: 553-560.
Lai, C-C., Lin, H-M., Nalawade, S.M., Fang, W., Tsay, H-S., 2005. Hyperhydricity in shoot cultures of Scrophularia yoshimurae can be effectively reduced by ventilation of culture vessels. Journal of Plant Physiology 162: 355-361.
Leshem, B., 1983. Growth of carnation meristems in vitro: anatomical structure of abnormal plantlets and the effect of agar concentration in the medium on their formation. Annals of Botany 52:413-415.
Leshem, B., Shaley, D.P., Izhar, S., 1988. Cytokinin as an inducer of vitrification in melon. Annals of Botany 61: 255-260.
Peixe, A., Barroso, J., Potes, A., Pais, M.S., 2004. Induction of haploid morphogenic calluses from in vitro cultured anthers of Prunus armeniaca cv. ‘Harcot’. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Culture 77: 35-41.
Perera, P.I.P., Hocher, V., Verdeil, J-L., Bandupriya, H.D.D., Yakandawala, D.M.D., Weerakoon, L.K., 2008. Androgenic potential in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.). Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 92: 293-302.
Perera, P.I.P., Yakandawala, D.M.D., Hocher, V., Verdeil, J-L., Weerakoon, L.K. 2008b. Variations among anthers and their orientation during in vitro culture for inducing androgenesis in coconut. - In: Nainanayake, N.P.A.D., Everard, J.M.D.T. (ed) Export competitiveness through quality improvement, 2nd Symposium on Plantation Crop Research, Colombo, Sri Lanka. , pp 104-110.
Perera, P.I.P., Yakandawala, D.M.D., Hocher, V., Verdeil, J-L., Weerakoon, L.K., 2009. Effect of growth regulators on microspore embryogenesis in coconut anthers. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Culture 96:171-180.
Piqueras, A., Cortian, M., Serna, M.D., Casas, J.L., 2002. Polyamines and hyperhydricity in micropropagated carnation plants. Plant Science 162:671-678.
SAS Institute Inc. 1999. SAS/STAT user’s guide, version 7-1. SAS Institute Inc. Cary, North Carolina, USA
Zhao, F-C., Nilanthi, D., Yang, Y-S., Wu, H. 2006. Anther culture and haploid plant regeneration in purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.). Plant Cell, Tissue Organ Culture 86(1): 55-62.
Zhou, H., Konzak, C.F., 1989. Improvement of anther culture methods for haploid production in wheat. Crop Science 29: 817-821.
Published
2011-10-01
How to Cite
P I P Perera. (2011). Effect of Gelling Agent and Selective Sub-culturing on Hyperhydricity in Anther-Derived Coconut Embryos . CORD, 27(2), 12. https://doi.org/10.37833/cord.v27i2.114
Section
Articles
